Henri Matisse

Henri Matisse (1869–1954) grew up in northern France and trained in Paris under Bouguereau and Gustave Moreau before a chance encounter with Australian painter John Russell turned him from an earth-toned academic palette toward brilliant colour. Around 1905, alongside André Derain, he led the short-lived Fauvist movement, shocking Salon audiences with paintings like Woman with a Hat and The Open Window, built from raw, unmixed colour.